Science & Technology | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    John William Dawson

    John William Dawson, geologist, paleontologist, principal of McGill University (born 13 October 1820 in Pictou, NS; died 19 November 1899 in Montreal, QC). Dawson conducted an archaeological survey and recovery mission that revealed evidence of pre-European habitation on the island of Montreal. Though Dawson is generally credited with discovering the “lost” village of Hochelaga, subsequent investigations revealed that he might only have found evidence of a smaller, related settlement. Dawson is well-known in the geological community for finding a fossil of Hylonomus lyelli (the earliest known reptile). He also identified Eozoön canadense as a gigantic single-celled organism, though it is now considered to be a pseudofossil (fake fossil). Dawson is generally credited as being the first Canadian scientist of international renown, and for his transformative tenure as principal of McGill.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/5b4dc762-0119-4203-8731-cef6366d724f.jpg John William Dawson

  • Article

    Sir Robert Frederic Stupart

    Sir Robert Frederic Stupart, meteorologist (b at Aurora, Canada W 24 Oct 1857; d at Toronto 27 Sept 1940). A pioneer in METEOROLOGY, Stupart's career spanned 6 decades.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Sir Robert Frederic Stupart

  • Article

    Sir Sandford Fleming

    Sir Sandford Fleming, civil engineer (b at Kirkcaldy, Scot 7 Jan 1827; d at Halifax 22 July 1915).

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/Twitter_Cards/Sir Sandford.jpg Sir Sandford Fleming

  • Article

    Sir Thomas George Roddick

    Sir Thomas George Roddick, surgeon, medical administrator, politician (b at Harbour Grace, Nfld 31 July 1846; d at Montréal 20 Feb 1923). A McGill medical graduate, he introduced Joseph Lister's antiseptic system to Montréal in 1877, a system that greatly reduced infections after surgery.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Sir Thomas George Roddick

  • Article

    Sir Wilfred Thomason Grenfell

    Sir Wilfred Thomason Grenfell, medical missionary (b at Parkgate, Eng 28 Feb 1865; d at Charlotte, Vt 9 Oct 1940). Grenfell entered the London Medical School in 1883 and 2 years later was converted to active CHRISTIANITY at a tent meeting of American evangelist Dwight L. Moody.

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    https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Sir Wilfred Thomason Grenfell

  • Article

    Sir William Osler

    Sir William Osler, physician, writer, educator (born 12 July 1849 in Bond Head, Canada West [Ontario]; died 29 December 1919 in Oxford, England). Osler was a physician and professor of medicine who helped revolutionize medical education. He insisted that medical students spend less time in the lecture hall and more time with patients; he also developed the medical residency program. Osler was a prolific writer whose textbook, The Principles and Practice of Medicine (1892), was published in many editions. He was also a bibliophile and historian of medicine whose collection was donated to McGill University.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/test_007/Sir_William_Osler_Photograph_by_Elliott_Fry_Wellcome_V0026940.jpg Sir William Osler

  • Article

    Sonny Arrojado

    Asuncion “Sonny” Arrojado, former nurse, trade unionist (born 1946 in Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines). Sonny Arrojado was the founding president of the National Federation of Nurses Unions, now known as the Canadian Federation of Nurses Unions. She was also the first Filipina to head a national trade union in Canadian history. (See also Filipino Canadians; Nursing.)

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  • Collection

    Space Science and Exploration

    This collection brings together articles and resources about space science and space exploration. Access articles, biographies and timelines to learn more about space technology and Canadian astronauts.

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  • Article

    Stanley John Hughes

    Stanley John Hughes, mycologist (b at Llanelly, Wales 17 Sept 1918). A naturalized Canadian, Hughes worked as an assistant mycologist at the Commonwealth Mycological Institute in Kew, England (1945-52), and in 1952 joined Agriculture Canada in Ottawa as a research scientist.

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  • Article

    Stanley Vollant

    Stanley Vollant, CM, CQ, Innu surgeon, professor and lecturer (born 2 April 1965 in Quebec City, Quebec). Vollant is the first Indigenous surgeon trained in Quebec. In 1996, he received a National Aboriginal Role Model Award from the Governor General of Canada. Vollant began Innu Meshkenu in 2010, a 6,000 km walk to promote the teachings of First Nations and to encourage Indigenous young people to pursue their dreams. In 2016, he founded the non-profit organization Puamun Meshkenu to inspire and support Indigenous peoples in their mental and physical health.

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/0c872404-cf12-4e13-b427-27effb4c6ee5.jpg Stanley Vollant

  • Article

    Steve MacLean

    Steven (Steve) Glenwood MacLean, FRCGS, physicist, astronaut (born 14 December 1954 in Ottawa, ON). Steve MacLean was among the first astronauts recruited in Canada and in 1992 became the third Canadian to fly in space. On his second mission to space in 2006, he became the first Canadian to operate the Canadarm2 robotic arm and the second to complete a spacewalk, after Chris Hadfield (see Canadarm). He has also contributed to the country’s space programs as director general of the Canadian astronaut program (1994–96) and president of the Canadian Space Agency (2008–13).

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/media/media/be686096-bcb5-4683-bc21-92e85d232260.jpg Steve MacLean

  • Article

    Stephen Lett

    Stephen Lett, psychiatrist (b at Callan, Ire 4 Apr 1847; d at Kingston, Ont Oct 1905). Having served as assistant medical superintendent of the insane asylums in Malden and London, Ont, 1870-77, he lost out to R.M. BUCKE for the post of London's medical superintendent.

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  • Article

    Steven Guilbeault

    Steven Guilbeault, PC, MP, politician, ecologist, author, columnist and lecturer (born 9 June 1970 in La Tuque, Quebec). In 2009, French magazine Le Monde recognized Guilbeault as one of the world’s 50 leading figures in the field of sustainable development. The Cercle des Phénix de l’environnement du Québec also recognized Guilbeault the same year. Guilbeault earned recognition through his work with Greenpeace and as a co-founder of Équiterre. He also served as a columnist for various media outlets, including Métro, Radio-Canada, La Presse and Corporate Knight magazine. During the 2019 federal election, Guilbeault was elected the Liberal Member of Parliament for Montreal’s Laurier─Sainte-Marie riding. Shortly thereafter, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau appointed Guilbeault to his Cabinet as minister of Canadian heritage.

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  • Article

    Sydney Murray Friedman

    Sydney Murray Friedman, scientist, scholar, physician (born 17 February 1916 in Montréal, QC; died 16 February 2015 in Vancouver, BC). 

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  • Article

    Sylvia Olga Fedoruk

    Sylvia Olga Fedoruk, OC, physicist, educator, 17th lieutenant-governor of Saskatchewan (1988-94) (born 5 May 1927 in Canora, SK; died 26 September 2012 in Saskatoon). Fedoruk was a medical physicist who helped advance cancer treatment (see Physics; Contemporary Medicine).

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    https://d3d0lqu00lnqvz.cloudfront.net/sylviaolgafedoruk/sylviafedoruk.jpg Sylvia Olga Fedoruk